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Institute for Parks

Research

Glacier National Park

Since 2009 scientists and researchers associated with the Institute for Parks at Clemson University have completed over $5 million dollars in externally funded research that directly support science-based management of parks and protected areas. Grantors include the U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Forest Service, US Fish and Wildlife Service, National Audubon Society, National Science Foundation, Toyota, U.S. Agency for International Development, the World Bank, the Institute of Museum and Library Services, and Foundations such as the Ford Foundation

Research Labs

Clemson Park Lab Solution Lab

Clemson University's Park Solutions Lab, led by Dr. Matt Brownlee, develops and applies innovative social science approaches to help parks address challenging issues. Visit their website to learn more about the lab and current research projects. 

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Virtual Reality and Nature Lab

Led by Dr. Matthew Browning, Clemson University’s Virtual Reality and Nature Lab applies an interdisciplinary, technological focus to the study of people’s connections and interactions with the natural world. Their projects are conducted by researchers at Clemson University and at affiliate institutions throughout the United States.

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Featured Research

Image of a lion

Reducing Conflicts Between Communities and Large Cats Around Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya

Dr. Larry Allen and graduate student Katie Krafte explore the support or opposition for predator conservation in communities surrounding Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. Communities in the region live side by side with lions and other predators that can prey on livestock and pose threats to local people. Conserving these apex predators is critical for ecosystem health but in order to do so, human needs and livelihoods must be met and protected. Allen and Krafte are examining social factors that impact susceptibility of a community to conflicts with lions and other predators. In addition, they will examine the role ecotourism may play in lessening community impacts of predator conflict as well as increasing tolerance for the lion populations that share their home. Read the final report below: Building a Sustainable Management System for Maasai Mara National Reserve: Understanding Staff and Community Members Perceptions of the Management of the MMNR and their Attitudes toward Wildlife, Conservation, and Environmental Issues.

Read The Report

  • Research Initiatives
    Beyond Borders: Determining Current and Future Wildlife Co-Existence Landscapes at the Private-Public Land Interface in the Northern Great Plains (2018)

    The Great Plains is one of the most imperiled ecosystems in North America, home to one of the most endangered species in the world, and many of its large charismatic wildlife species have been extirpated or live in relatively small, fenced populations. To achieve conservation at ecologically relevant scales, coordination among public and private land managers will be needed. The goal of this project, led by Dr. David S. Jachowski and with collaborators Drs. Jeff Hallo and Shari Rodriguez, Kristy Bly, and Brian Martin, is to develop a novel, interdisciplinary, quantitative approach to identifying and predicting the potential for wildlife species to co-exist with humans in the context of landscapes that include multiple landowners and working lands. They will revisit a previous social survey conducted in the late 1980’s on how citizens within and surrounding this targeted conservation region perceived planned (and now ongoing) wildlife conservation actions, to assess how their knowledge, attitudes and opinions have changed over time. They will then use those survey results to model and spatially map potential social tolerance landscapes for wildlife conservation and restoration, and intersect those social and political landscapes with ecological models (i.e., habitat suitability). On this basis, they intend to identify landscapes that offer current and future potential for wildlife and human co-existence in this region. More broadly, they hope that the framework they develop and implement for defining the co-existence landscape for this system can be used as a template for advancing wildlife conservation planning in increasingly human-dominated landscapes globally.

    Understanding Gendered Perceptions of Sustainability and Conservation: A Case Study of the Livingstone Region, Zambia (2018)

    Dr. Lauren Duffy and E'Lisha Fogle are exploring gendered perceptions, values, and understandings of sustainability and conservation in the Livingstone region of Zambia. Similar to other countries in the Global South, tourism development and conservation efforts are often inherently intertwined; in order to achieve conservation goals, tourism - which relies on the same natural resources to attract tourists - should be aligned to protect the biodiversity and natural resources of the area (Kline, 2001). This study takes a dualistic approach of exploring community perceptions towards philosophical underpinnings of sustainable development and conservation efforts, and is expressly interested in understanding gendered differences in those perceptions.

    Dr. Shari Rodriguez and Diane Dotson at Kanha National Park

    Assessing the Impacts of Predator Conflict and Mitigation Methods in Kanha National Park, India (2017)

    Kanha National Park (KNP) is home to imperiled tigers, leopards, and dholes. Human-predator conflict near KNP has both direct impacts on local people, such as livestock depredation and personal injury/death, and indirect impacts, such as food insecurity and fear of attacks. Methods to mitigate human-predator conflict have been implemented, yet perceptions of the severity of the impacts and of mitigation’s effectiveness at reducing them are not fully known. Dr. Shari Rodriguez and Diane Dotson’s research will seek to fill these knowledge gaps, as well as determine local’s attitudes towards predators and mitigation methods through a quantitative case study of local people living in villages around KNP.

    Does Wildlife Tourism Support Conservation Initiatives? Insights from Diverse Stakeholders Around Indian Tiger Reserves (2017)

    Coexisting with wildlife is becoming increasingly challenging in biodiverse regions such as India. Conservation policies often limit resource use and impact residents’ livelihood. Wildlife tourism is often proposed as a promising strategy for simultaneously supporting local livelihoods and biodiversity conservation. However, little is known about whether tourism enhances livelihoods and support for conservation. This study, led by Dr. Larry Allen and Devyani Singh, aims to answer this gap. Data will be collected from four stakeholder groups (local communities, tour operators, forest officials and local nongovernmental organizations) through questionnaires, focus groups and semi-structured interviews. This research will be among the first to help understand the conservation-tourism link and factors impacting this relationship, in the context of Indian tiger reserves.

    Big Cat Research Project

    Reducing Conflicts Between Communities and Large Cats Around Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya (2017-2018)

    Dr. Larry Allen and graduate student Katie Krafte are exploring the support or opposition for predator conservation in communities surrounding Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. Communities in the region live side by side with lions and other predators that can prey on livestock and pose threats to local people. Conserving these apex predators is critical for ecosystem health but in order to do so, human needs and livelihoods must be met and protected. Allen and Krafte are examining social factors that impact susceptibility of a community to conflicts with lions and other predators. In addition, they will examine the role ecotourism may play in lessening community impacts of predator conflict as well as increasing tolerance for the lion populations that share their home. Read the final report, called Building a Sustainable Management System for Maasai Mara National Reserve: Understanding Staff and Community Members Perceptions of the Management of the MMNR and their Attitudes toward Wildlife, Conservation, and Environmental Issues.

    Arctic Wildlife Research

    Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (2017-2018)

    Dr. Jeffrey Hallo, Associate Professor and CUIP Fellow, and Dr. Bob Dvorak from Central Michigan University are working on a multi-year project to address visitor management and carrying capacity of polar bear-viewing tourism at the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska. The Arctic Refuge, and specifically the Native Alaskan village of Kaktovik, is one of three places worldwide where tourists regularly come to view polar bears. Demand for commercially-guided polar bear viewing there has quadrupled in the last six years. However, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), which manages the Arctic Refuge, currently places no limit on the number of commercial guides or visitors that come to view polar bears. Drs. Hallo and Dvorak will be providing social science research and expertise to help the FWS better understand polar-bear viewing tourists, identify an experience-based carrying capacity for this activity, and formulate and evaluate management alternatives as part of an environmental assessment and plan.

    National Park Education

    Education in National Parks and Nature Centers (2016-2018)

    Director Bob Powell and CUIP Scholar from Virginia Tech Marc Stern were awarded an Institute for Museum and Library Services Grant to study youth environmental education (EE) programs offered by the National Park Service and Nature Centers. This complements a previously awarded National Science Foundation grant they received. These programs often serve as gateway experiences in which diverse audiences engage in informal science learning. While there is evidence that these programs can have positive impacts on participants, little empirical research has been conducted to determine what makes one program more successful than another. Stern and Powell initiated the studies in Yosemite National Park with the National Park Service Advisory Education Committee, the North American Association for Environmental Education, and the Association of Nature Center Administrators. Read the research stemming from this work.

    Increasing Involvement of Women in Conservation and Nature-Based Tourism Projects in Southern Chile (2016-2017)

    CUIP Fellow Dr. Lauren Duffy is identifying, examining, and addressing barriers for the involvement of women in conservation and nature-based tourism (NBT) projects in the Aysen Region of Chile. This analysis will specifically examine gender roles, identity, and power dynamics, which will be particularly useful in understanding patterns of involvement, behavior, and activities of women and men in various decision-making processes. In this regard, barriers to involvement and potential points of entry for women will be identified along with specific strategies of how to overcome and address these barriers to increase women’s empowerment and economic independence.

    TN Falls Research

    Tennessee State Parks Visitor Management  (2015-2017)

    CUIP Fellow Dr. Jeff Hallo is working on a project to assess visitor management and related carrying capacity issues at Cummins Falls, Burgess Falls, and Rock Island State Parks in Tennessee. The Tennessee State Parks (TSP) system contains sites that showcase the state’s most important natural, historic, and cultural resources. A current area of concern is the demand for waterfall-based parks. Water and waterfalls have acted as natural tourist attractions for centuries. A waterfall’s beauty and soundscape draw people to them primarily for picnicking and swimming. Visitation to waterfall-based parks like Tennessee’s Cummins Falls, Burgess Falls, and Rock Island State Parks is quite high, and apparently growing. TSP needs to reevaluate visitor use management and carrying capacity in these three waterfall-based parks. The overall purpose of the research is to gather accurate and defensible information that will help guide visitor management and related carrying capacity decisions at these sites. Study objectives focus on the three elements: 1) collecting baseline data on visitor use, visitor attitudes, and visitor perceptions of impacts, 2) identifying indicators and standards, 3) assessing how acceptable management alternatives (current and future) are to visitors.

    Greenway Research

    Urban Greenways in Diverse Neighborhoods: Public Use, Constraints to Use, and Perceptions of Greenway-related Benefits (2015)

    A growing body of research highlights multiple environmental, social, and health-related benefits associated with urban parks and natural areas. One type of urban park, greenways, represent a unique “corridors of benefits” that have attracted a great deal of attention from urban planners and recreation practitioners. Using a combination of onsite and offsite data collection methods in San Antonio, Texas and Atlanta, Georgia CUIP Scholar Dr. Lincoln Larson explored greenway use, constraints to use, and public perceptions of benefits along greenway segments that transverse racially and ethnically diverse neighborhoods.

    Park Transportation

    Sustainable Transportation Management and Planning in National Parks (2014)

    CUIP Fellow Jeff Hallo, Institute Scholar Bob Manning, and other scientists published a book that establishes a series of principles to help guide sustainable transportation management and planning in the national parks. Their groundbreaking contribution on the relationship between transportation, visitor experience, and sustainability synthesizes multiple investigations over the past 20 years. The final conclusion drawn from their research provides a series of principles to help guide sustainable transportation in our national parks today.

    Everglades Research

    Best Practices Interpretation for the National Park Service (2009-2013)

    Institute Director Fellow Bob Powell and Institute Scholar Marc Stern conducted a study to identify best practices in interpretation for the National Park Service. The study is published in a special issue in the Journal of Interpretation Research.

  • Research Development Grants

    The Research Development Grants program supports innovative research projects every year that enhance science-based management of parks and protected areas.

    Project Requirements

    Proposals must demonstrate innovation, impact and potential to gain external funding from major sponsors. 

    Submissions are evaluated by an independent committee of CUIP Fellows for their innovative ideas that may impact park and protected area management and for the proposal's potential for external funding. Research can either be basic or applied in nature. 

    Scope of Support

    Proposals are funded for one year. Maximum funding is $10,000 per proposal. Funding could be directed towards:

    • Salaries of faculty, research expenses, or to support graduate students or post docs.
    • Supporting summer salary to complete a significant grant proposal (ie, NSF grant).
    • Covering expenses for pilot studies that are necessary to develop a competitive externally funded research grant proposal.
    Reporting Requirements

    Award recipients submit an annual report documenting their activities to CUIP, including a description of the results and impacts of the research. Submission of an external grant proposal is also required during or immediately after the grant period, with the Institute for Parks being assigned center/institute credit under the code 0734. Note: listing the Institute for Parks as a center/institute on a grant proposal does not impact credit or F+A for the listed college, department, or for the individual PI.

    2020 Grant Recipients

    Congratulations to this year's Research Development Grant recipients:

    Dr. Cathy Jachowski and Dan Knapp 
    Using Novel Molecular Tools to Inform Management of An Imperiled Salamander in Pisgah National Fores

    Dr. Bill Norman and Jennifer Calabria
    Understanding Visitors’ Perceptions, Expectations and Uses of Parks During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Multi-Case Study of Two Urban Parks

  • Research Report: Visitor Use Management and Outdoor Recreation

    Thomsen, J., Powell, R.B., and Monz, C. (2017) A systematic review of the health outcomes associated with participation in wildland recreational activities. Storer Foundation Report.

    Powell, R.B., Holland, H., Thomsen, J., and Monz, C. (2017) A systematic review of the psychological, sociological, and educational outcomes associated with participation in wildland recreational activities. Storer Foundation Report.

  • Research Report: Interpretation and Environmental Education

    Powell, R.B., Wright, B.A., & Depper, G.* (2014) National Park Service Interpretation and Education needs assessment. Clemson University and National Park Service. [file:  NPS IE Final Report

    Powell, R.B., Stern, M.J., Ardoin, N. & Beeco, R. (2013)  Toyota Together Green summary evaluation report: 2008-2013. Clemson University and National Audubon Society. [file:  Together Green Report]

    Ramshaw, G.,  Powell, R.B., & Jodice, L.W. (2013) Exploring the long-term impacts of curriculum-based education programs at Everglades National Park. Clemson University and U.S. National Park Service. [file:  Everglades-NP-Report-Brochure

    Powell, R.B., Jodice, L.W., & Stern, M.J., (2013) Evaluation of curriculum-based education programs at Everglades National Park. Clemson University and U.S. National Park Service. 

    Stern, M.J., & Powell, R.B. (2013). Recommended practices for interpretive and educational programs and exhibits in the US National Park Service. Virginia Tech, Clemson Univ., and U.S. National Park Service.

    Stern, M.J.,  Powell, R.B., Martin, E.*, & Mclean, K.* (2012) Identifying best practices for live interpretive programs in the United States National Park Service. Virginia Tech, Clemson University, and National Park Conservation Association’s Center for Park Management. [file:  Live Interp Report]

    Powell, R.B., Jodice, L.W., Stern, M.J., & Skibins, J.C.* (2012) Evaluation of curriculum-based education programs in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Clemson University and U.S. National Park Service. [file:  EVALUATION OF CURRICULUM]

    Stern, M.J., &  Powell, R.B. (2011) The views of  National Park Service Superintendents and Interpretation and Education Supervisors on interpretation and education in the National Park Service. Virginia Tech and U.S. National Park Service, National Education Council. [file:  Report on IES survey]

    Powell, R.B., Wright, B.A., Draper, J.*, & Thomsen, J.* (2011) Evaluation of off-highway vehicle skills and ethics training programs occurring on public lands: The TreadLightly! visitor education program. Clemson University and U.S. National Park Service. [file:  TLl-Evaluation-Final-Report]

    Stern, M.J., Mutchler, B.*, &  Powell, R.B. (2011)  National Park Service Superintendents’ views on interpretation and education. Virginia Tech and U.S. National Park Service, National Education Council. [file:  Superintendent report

    Powell, R.B., Skibins, J.C.*, & Stern, M.J. (2010)  Linking interpretation best practices with outcomes: A review of literature. Clemson University and U.S. National Park Service, National Education Council. [file:  Linking Interpretation Best Practices with Outcomes-2010.docx]

    Vezeau, S.*,  Powell, R. B., & Stern, M.J.  (2010).  Stewardship 101: An evaluation of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park Jr. Ranger Program. Clemson University and Great Smoky Mountains National Park. [file:  executive summary]

    Powell, R. B. , Wright, B. A., & Vagias, W. M.* (2008)  Preliminary evaluation of recreational skills and ethics training programs occurring on public lands: The Leave No Trace visitor education program. National Park Service. [file:  Recreational Skills and Ethics Training Programs]

  • Research Report: Tourism and Protected Area Management

    Powell, R. B. (2007)  Hikkaduwa restoration task force (HRTF): Formation of an inter-agency committee and action plan for the restoration of Hikkaduwa, Sri Lanka, into a resilient community and sustainable coastal tourism destination. USAID Sustainable Coastal Tourism in Asia-Sri Lanka & Louis Berger Group. [file:  Hikkaduwa Restoration Task Force Final report.doc]

    Powell, R.B., Krafte, K.*, & Duda, M.* (2015) Dong Van Karst Plateau International Geopark household survey results. Clemson University Institute for Parks. People’s Committee of Ha Giang, Viet Nam.

    Allen, L., Krafte, K.*, Holland, H.*, Tome’, S., Nabaala, M.*, Seno, S., & Nampushi, J., (2017). Building a Sustainable Management System for Maasai Mara National Reserve: Understanding Staff and Community Members Perceptions of the Management of the MMNR and their Attitudes toward Wildlife, Conservation, and Environmental Issues. Final Report. 78 pps.

  • Research Report: Tourism and Community Development

    Perceptions of marine aquaculture in coastal tourist destinations in the US Southeastern region; Principal Investigators: Dr. William C. Norman (PRTM, Clemson University), Laura W. Jodice (PRTM, Clemson University) and Julie Davis (SC Sea Grant Extension);  Funding: National Sea Grant, 2012-2015)

      • Jodice, L.W. & W.C. Norman (2015). Perceptions of marine aquaculture in coastal tourist destinations in the US southeastern region. Final Report submitted to S.C. Sea Grant Consortium/National Sea Grant.  [file: Mariculture.pdf]
      • Davis, J., W.C. Norman & L.W. Jodice. (2016). Support for mariculture among residents and tourists in South Carolina and Florida coastal communities. Presentation at the World Aquaculture Society meeting, Aquaculture 2016, Las Vegas, Nevada, February 22-26, 2016. [files: WAS abstract Davis et al FINAL.pdfWAS abstract Davis et al Presentation.pdf]
      • Duffy, L., W.C. Norman & L. Jodice. (2016). Stakeholder perspectives on mariculture and tourism interaction in coastal communities in South Carolina and Florida. Presentation for NOAA Social Coast, Charleston, SC, Feburary  9-11, 2016. [file: Duffy_oral NOAA Social Coast.pdf]

    Understanding demand for value-added products and services associated with for-hire boat trips on the South Carolina coast;  Principal Investigators: Robert Brookover, (PRTM, Clemson University), Laura W. Jodice (PRTM, Clemson University); Chi-Ok Oh (Michigan State University) and William Hammitt (PRTM, Clemson University); Graduate Research Assistant: Jarrett Bachman (PRTM, Clemson University); Funding:  SC Sea Grant, 2012-2015

      • Oh, C.O., L.W. Jodice, J.R.Bachman & W. Hammitt. (2016). Angler and Non-Angler Preferences for Value-added, Non-consumptive Products and Services Associated with Charter Boat Trips. Ocean and Coastal Management, 130: 299-308. See link: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964569116301314
      • Jodice, L.W., J. Bachman & C. Oh (2015). Understanding demand for value-added products and services associated with for-hire boat trips on the South Carolina (SC) coast. Final Report submitted to S.C. Sea Grant Consortium. [file: ForHireFinal2015.pdf]
      • Bachman, J.R., L. Jodice, W. Hammit & Chi-Ok Oh. 2013. Adding Value to South Carolina Charter Fishing Services: Perspectives of Charter Boat Captains. Presentation for SETTRA (Southeast States Chapter of Travel and Tourism Research Association) Meeting, Hyatt Regency, Atlanta, Georgia, March 19, 2013. [files: Bachman SETTRA abstract.pdf; Bachman SETTRA presentation]
      • Bachman, J.R., Chi-Ok Oh, L. Jodice, J. Lee & W. Hammit. 2014.  Angler and Non-angler demand for value-added products and services associated with for-hire saltwater boat trips on the South Carolina Coast. Presentation for NOAA Social Coast, February 18-20, 2014 in Charleston, SC. [file: Social Coast Oh, Jodice et al 2014.pdf]

    Examining capacity for a cooperative seafood tourism trail as a value-added marine resource-based recreation and tourism product on the South Carolina coast; Principal investigators: Robert Brookover, (PRTM, Clemson University), Gregory Ramshaw (PRTM, Clemson University), Laura W. Jodice (PRTM, Clemson University) and Blake Lanford (Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service); Graduate Research Assistant: Agnes Sirima (PRTM, Clemson University); Funding Source: SC Sea Grant Consortium (2012-2015)  

      • Jodice, L.W., A. Sirima & G. Ramshaw (2015). Examining capacity for a cooperative seafood tourism trail as a value-added marine resource-based recreation and tourism product on the South Carolina coast. Final Report submitted to S.C. Sea Grant Consortium. [file: SCTrailReport2015.pdf]
      • Sirima, A., L.W. Jodice & G. Ramshaw (2015). Stakeholder input on the potential for a seafood trail on the South Carolina coast. Presentation for stakeholder workshop on April 10, 2015 at USDA Lab in Charleston, SC. [file: SCTrailWorkshopPresentation2015.pdf]
      • Sirima, A., L. Jodice, L. Goris & G. Ramshaw. (2014). Rural Trails, Regional Differences - The Case of the South Carolina Seafood Trail. Presentation at Association of American Geographers (AAG) Annual Meeting, April 8-12, 2014 in Tampa, Florida.
      • Sirima, A., L. Jodice, G. Ramshaw & L. Goris. (2014). Exploring stakeholder interest in development of a South Carolina Seafood Trail. Presentation at NOAA Social Coast Forum, February 18-20, 2014 in Charleston, SC.

    Survey of marine recreationists’ attitudes towards potential offshore wind energy in South Carolina; Principal Investigators:  Dr. Jeff Hallo (PRTM, Clemson University), Matthew Brownlee (PRTM, Clemson University) &  Laura W. Jodice (PRTM, Clemson University); Funding: SC Sea Grant. (2011)

      • Brownlee, M.T.J., J.C. Hallo & L.W. Jodice. (2012). 2011 Survey of marine recreationists’ attitudes towards potential offshore wind energy in South Carolina. Final Report submitted to S.C. Sea Grant Consortium. [file: brownlee,-hallo--jodice-2012.pdf]
      • Brownlee, M., Hallo, J., Jodice, L., Moore, D., Powell, R., & Wright (2015).  Place attachment and marine recreationists’ attitudes towards offshore wind energy development.  Journal of Leisure Research, 47(2), 263-284. See link: https://js.sagamorepub.com/jlr/article/view/6279
      • Brownlee, M., Jodice, L., & Hallo, J. (February2012).  Coastal recreationists’ attitudes towards offshore wind energy development in South Carolina. Presented at The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Social Coast Forum.  Charleston, SC.

    Sustainable tourism destination/centerpiece project for Floyd and Patrick Counties in Southwestern Virgina and the Rocky Knob area associated with the Blue Ridge Parkway; Principal Investigators: Dr. Jeff Hallo (PRTM, Clemson University) & Dr. Nancy McGehee (Hospitality and Tourism Management, Virginia Tech); Associate Investigators:  Dr. John McGee (Virginia Geospatial Extension), Dr. Cari Goetchus (Planning and Landscape Architecture, Clemson), Dr. William Norman (PRTM, Clemson); Funding Source: This was a joint university project, between Virginia Tech and Clemson University, with Virginia Tech serving as the lead investigating institution and Clemson serving as a partner; Sponsor: National Park Service/Blue Ridge Parkway and Blue Ridge Heritage Inc. (initiated through Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units - CESU Network) (National Park Service/Blue Ridge Parkway and Blue Ridge Heritage Inc. (2008-2009)

    Building sustainable community-based economic development and management linkages between traditional coastal-dependent businesses and South Carolina's recreational and tourism industry; Principal Investigators: Dr. William C. Norman (PRTM) & Dr. David Hughes (APEC &  Clemson Institute for Economic and Community Development);  Associate Investigators:  Dr. Chi-Ok Oh (PRTM), Dr. Carlos Carpio (APEC); Cooperating Investigators: Laura Jodice (Research Associate, PRTM/CIITRD), Will Culler (Research Associate, Clemson Institute for Economic and Community Development); Dr David R. Lamie (Clemson Institute for Economic and Community Development);  Funding Source: South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium (2008-2010)

      • Lacher, R., C. Oh, L.W. Jodice, & W. C. Norman, W. (2013). The role of heritage and cultural elements in coastal tourism destination preferences: A choice modeling - based analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 52 (4):534-546.
      • Jodice, L., W.C. Norman, G. Lacher, C. Oh, C. Carpio. (2011). Assessing tourist demand for traditional coastal-dependent businesses on the South Carolina Coast: Final Report.  Submitted to SC Sea Grant Consortium, June 15, 2011. [files:  Presentation: Clemson_Coastal_Tourist_Survey_2008_2009.pdf;  Report: jodice-norman-and-hughes-year-2.pdf]
      • Lacher, R., Oh, C., Norman, W., & Jodice, L. (2010). Tourism and Local Character in South Carolina: A Stated Preference Based Demand Analysis. In Proceedings of the Travel and Tourism Research Association (TTRA) Annual Conference, June 20-22, 2010, San Antonio, TX. [Files: Presentation:  TTRA Lacher et al 2010.pdf; Paper: Lacher et al 2010 SPCM TTRA.pdf]
      • Jodice, L., W.C. Norman, C. Carpio, G. Lacher & C. Oh. (2010). Assessing tourist demand for traditional coastal dependent businesses on the South Carolina Coast. In Proceedings of The Coastal Society 22nd Biennial Conference, Shifting Shorelines: Adapting to the Future, June 13 - 16, 2010, Wilmington, NC.[Files: Presentation: Jodice et al 2010 TCS.pdf; Paper: Jodice, Norman, Carpio, Lacher and Oh TCS 2010.pdf]

    Assessing resident and visitor attitudes toward and preference for shoreline access; Principal Investigators: Chi-Ok Oh and Laura Jodice; Funding:  South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, 2007- 2008.

  • Research Report: Ecology and Wildlife Management

    Ogletree, S.S.* & Powell, R.B. (2015) Mapping cultural resources: A framework for incorporating cultural resources in conservation planning. Appalachian Landscape Conservation Cooperative.

  • Resources

    Vagias, Wade M. (2006). Likert-type scale response anchors. Clemson International Institute for Tourism & Research Development, Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management. Clemson University. [file:  Likert-Type Scale Items

Clemson University Institute for Parks
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