b'Doctors gowns are full, with bell-like sleeves. The front is bordered with velvet panels and the sleeves are marked by three velvet bars. While some gowns are black with black velvet, one variation is to replace black velvet with velvet in the discipline color. A second variation is a colored gown usually of the universitys colors.All hoods specify the level of degree, the type of discipline studied and the awarding institution. The width of the velvet trim conveys the degree. In addition, the degree is indi-cated by the color of the trim edging the hood to form the throat over the gown. The most frequently seen color is dark blue, which designates the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree. Finally, the color of the hoods lining is specific to the awarding institution. The colors are displayed in combinations that are drawn from heraldry. Notice that the Clemson University hood is lined with purple through which is an orange chevron (a V). Although many com-binations are duplicated by dozens of institutions, Clemson is presently the only institution with that registered combination of purple and orange.The officers, trustees and honored guests wear academic, ecclesiastical or military regalia as set forth by their professions. The president of Clemson University wears a purple gown with four velvet bars piped in orange and the University seal embroidered on the panels. Each trustee wears a similar gown with three velvet bars piped in orange for doctor-ates and an embroidered palmetto tree on each sleeve for those who do not hold doctorates. Trustee hoods are either from Clemson or from the awarding school.A Brief History of GrAduAte EducAtionAnd the GrAduAte School At Clemson University[Clemsons faculty] would engage in original and important research, by which knowledge would be increased, whilst the immediate objects . . . would be the diffusion of facts on all scientific subjects. It would be vain to attempt to fix a limit to the benefits that would thus be conferredupon mankind and their effects upon society . . . ThomAs Green Clemson 1In conceptualizing a high seminary of learning for South Carolina, Thomas Green Clem-son knowingly set the stage for graduate education to emerge as an engine of economic development in the state. Graduate education quickly became synonymous with the appli-cation of theory to improving the practices of education and agriculture. The analysis of fertilizer, a contracted activity of the chemistry department that began in the late 1930s, would help restore depleted South Carolina soils, increase agricultural production, and spur a rapid development in opportunities for students at Clemson College to study beyond the baccalaureate degree.Graduate coursework initially responded to the needs of veterans and to the interests of teachers wanting to improve their classroom skills, but alsofrom its inceptionattracted international students attention. On June 3, 1924, Patrick Hobson of Sandy Springs, South Carolina, earned the first masters degree awarded at Clemson. He used his degree in voca-tional education to serve as a high school principal and later as superintendent of schools in York County, South Carolina and Mitchell County, North Carolina. The third graduate degree, a masters in textile industrial education awarded to Ko-Chia Li from Mukden, China, on June 1, 1926, initiated an enrollment trend that has catapulted China to its status as the number-one sending country for international graduatestudents for many years. Mr. Li returned to China and taught as a professor of textile engineering at Peking University, and served as head of the construction department in LiaoBei Province.From 1938 until 1945, all aspects of graduate education (courses, programs, policies, procedures, admission, and graduation) developed under the auspices of the Committee on Graduate Instruction, chaired by F. H. H. Calhoun, Dean of the School of Chemistry and Geology. Twice during these years, the Universitys attempts to formalize graduate educa-tion were thwarted because of the challenges to the Committee to maintain the necessary standards of quality. Clemson faculty recognized early that to establish a graduate program 6'